Screening complications in the postoperative period of orthopedic surgeries by video arthroscopy

To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of late postoperative complications of orthopedic surgeries by video arthroscopy.This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that evaluated, through its own instrument, local and systemic postoperative complications of patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries by video arthroscopy. The study included 270 patients, who were evaluated on days 30(without prosthesis) and 90(with prosthesis placement) of the postoperative period, by telephone service. The selection of participants occurred sequentially and population-based, within the data collection period, from February to July 2020, in a large hospital for medium and high complexity surgeries. Of the 270 procedures performed in the period, 4.4% (n = 12) presented late postoperative infection. The most frequent complications were erythema (83%), edema (75%) and secretion (67%) in the surgical wound. Most used antibiotic therapy (92%) and anti-inflammatory drugs (67%). Hospital readmission was not necessary concerning the complications. Only 50% required medical evaluation before the scheduled time.The need for practices that ensure the quality of perioperative care and improve the active search to assess surgical outcomes is reinforced.

Maintenance of sterility in SMS packaging in dental environments: concern with biosafety

Healthcare services must be guided by biosafety practices and microbial control. This control is highly influenced by humidity, which directly impacts the maintenance of sterility of the materials used in the appointments. High concentration of moisture, in the form of aerosol, splashes and spills, is caused during dental care. During the COVID-19 times the contamination by aerosol and droplets worries greatly. Considering that it could cause harm to the sterility of an autoclaved material, especially in dental environments, the objective was to evaluate the behavior of SMS sterilization packages (Spunbonded / Meltblown / Spunbonded) against microbial penetration in an aqueous vehicle. SMS of three brands were challenged, equally divided into two groups: virgin and processed (subjected to a single autoclaving cycle). Each specimen was aseptically deposited on Macconkey agar. Subsequently, 5 µL of Escherichia coliATCC 25922 saline solution [108CFU mL-1] was deposited in center of the SMS specimen and the dish incubated at36°C/ 48h. Reading was performed by the presence or absence of bacterial growth typical of the species under the SMS, observed on the back of Petri dish. The lowest penetration rate observed was 60% for one of the brands in the virgin condition, and 75% for two brands in the processed condition. Statistical analysis showed an association between bacterial penetration and the evaluated group, this association being valid only in the virgin condition. The different SMS behave similarly in terms of resistance to bacterial penetration after being processed. The data show that moisture can assist in bacterial transport through sterilized SMS. Therefore, SMS packages are not able to prevent bacterial penetration, and possibly other microorganisms, when in aqueous vehicles, offering a potential risk of breaking the aseptic chain. Thus, care must be taken in routines for handling and storage sterile packaging.

Community knowledge on dengue in territories under risk in the state of São Paulo

In the last decades, the global incidence of arboviruses transmitted by the vector Aedes aegypti has increased dramatically with the increased oh human mobility and urbanization. The study of the mosquito population is of great importance for public health in countries where climatic and environmental conditions are favorable for the spread of these diseases transmitted by A. aegypti. This was a cross-sectional study that assessed causal relationships between why mosquitoes are prevalent in the region studied and socioeconomic variables, practices, knowledge, attitudes, and the effect of the cause in two regions chosen according to vulnerability (São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index). Of the 435 residents interviewed, 95% (413/435) were informed about vector control and claimed to contribute to the day-to-day sanitary practices necessary to combat it, in addition to being able to identify it. Most participants in both regions believed they were at risk, but vector control practices did not match those recorded in the survey. A correlation was found between the population's level of education and the practices observed. Despite the high levels of knowledge and the perceptions of the interviewed population about A. aegypti, the erroneous behavior of the residents persisted, thus hindering disease prevention and vector control actions, promoting the conditions conducive to the proliferation of the vector, and, consequently, increasing the risk of disease. The study indicated that one of the most effective means to control the A. aegypti vector is a society informed about preventive measures in the surveillance sectors.

Expressão e localização celular da diguanilato ciclase DgcP em Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Expression and cell localization of the diguanylate cyclase DgcP in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A bactéria Gram-negativa Pseudomonas aeruginosa é um patógeno oportunista frequentemente associado a vítimas de queimaduras graves ou indivíduos com fibrose cística, sendo os isolados resistentes a carbepenêmicos dessa espécie considerados pela OMS como uma das maiores ameaças ao controle de infecções. O estabelecimento da infecção por esse patógeno é dependente de uma série de fatores de virulência, entre eles o pilus tipo IV (T4P), que possui papel importante na adesão a superfícies e motilidade do tipo twitching, essenciais para a colonização do hospedeiro. Uma das moléculas importantes na diferenciação entre as formas séssil e planctônica de P. aeruginosa é o segundo mensageiro bis-(3,5)-di-guanosina monofosfato cíclico (c-di-GMP), cuja síntese é feita enzimaticamente por diguanilato ciclases (DGCs). DgcP é uma DGC localizada nos polos da célula, que tem sua atividade de síntese de c-di-GMP aumentada na presença da proteína FimV, essencial para a montagem do T4P em P. aeruginosa. Neste trabalho, ensaios de microscopia de fluorescência, organização e expressão gênica foram realizados com o objetivo de aumentar a compreensão sobre o papel de DgcP em relação a sua expressão e aos fatores que regulam o T4P de P. aeruginosa. A proteína DgcP em fusão com mNeonGreen no C-terminal, expressa a partir do locus cromossômico, se localiza de maneira predominantemente bipolar tanto na linhagem selvagem quanto nos mutantes ΔpilA, ΔpilR e ΔchpA, evidenciando que seu padrão de localização não depende dos sistemas de regulação Pil-Chp e PilS-PilR. Ensaios de RT-PCRmostraram que dgcP se encontra em operon com PA14_72430 e dsbA1, indicando um papel celular conjunto entre esses genes, até o momento, desconhecido. Por fim, ensaios de qRT-PCR revelaram que os níveis de mRNA de dgcP são invariáveis nas linhagens WT, ΔpilA, ΔpilR, ΔchpA e ΔfimV, cultivadas em meio líquido ou meio sólido. Os resultados aqui mostrados, combinados com trabalhos prévios do nosso e de outros grupos, sugerem que DgcP é uma diguanilato ciclase responsável por geração constante de c-di-GMP nos polos da célula, possivelmente, atuando na sinalização local dependente do dinucleotídeo cíclico, cuja localização e atividade não são dependentes dos sistemas de regulação que atuam sobre o T4P

The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen often associated with severe burn victims or individuals with cystic fibrosis, which carbapenem-resistant isolates were classified by th World Health Organization classified one of the greatest threats to infection control. The establishment of infection by this pathogen is dependent on a series of virulence factors, including the type IV pilus (T4P), which plays an important role in adhesion to surfaces and twitching motility, essential features for host colonization. Bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a second messenger that involved in processes of biofilm formation, motility, and virulence. The diguanylate cyclase DgcP synthetizes cdi-GMP and it is located at the cell poles, and its activity depends on the scaffold protein FimV, essential for T4P assembly in P. aeruginosa. By increasing c-di-GMP levels, DgcP decreases flagellum-dependent motility and increases biofilm formation. In this work, fluorescence microscopy, gene organization and expression assays were performed to understand the whether DgcP localization and expression are under the control of T4P regulatory proteins. Fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that DgcP localizes predominantly at both cell poles in ΔpilA, ΔpilR, and ΔchpA mutants, showing that its localization pattern does not depend on the Pil-Chp and PilS-PilR systems. Furthermore, RT-PCR assays showed that dgcP is found in an operon with PA14_72430 and dsbA1, indicating an unknown putative related cellular role for these genes. Finally, qRT-PCR assays indicated that DgcP expression is invariant in ΔpilA, ΔpilR, ΔchpA, and ΔfimV mutants, either in liquid or solid medium. The results shownhere, combined with previous work by ours and other groups, suggest that DgcP is a diguanylate cyclase responsible for constant generation of c-di-GMP at the cell poles, possibly acting in local signaling dependent on the cyclic dinucleotide, but that is not under the control of the known T4P regulatory systems

Plano municipal de contingência de Cariri do Tocantins novo Coronavírus (Covid-19) - 3ª versão / Municipal contingency plan for Cariri do Tocantins new Coronavirus (Covid-19) - 3rd version

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Cariri do Tocantins. Apresenta parâmetros para o enfretamento no município, no âmbito da Vigilância Epidemiológica quanto a notificação dos casos, notificação a SMS/CIEVS, registro, período de incubação, a transmissão e os casos suspeitos nos serviço de saúde, o tratamento, a investigação epidemiológica, as atribuições da Vigilância Epidemiológica, o papel do Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) quanto as orientações para a coleta de amostras, técnica de coleta de Swab de nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), acondicionamento das amostras, recomendações para a coleta de amostras em situação de óbito, transporte e envio de amostras, análise laboratorial em laboratórios privados. Aborda ainda quanto as medidas de isolamento, o transporte do paciente, a limpeza e Desinfecção de Superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to fight Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Cariri do Tocantins. It presents parameters for coping in the municipality, within the scope of Epidemiological Surveillance regarding the notification of cases, notification to SMS / CIEVS, registration, incubation period, transmission and suspected cases in the health services, treatment, epidemiological investigation, attributions of Epidemiological Surveillance, the role of the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) regarding the guidelines for sample collection, technique for collecting the nasopharynx and oropharynx swab (combined swabs), packaging the samples, recommendations for collecting samples in case of death, transporting and sending samples, laboratory analysis in private laboratories. It also addresses isolation measures, patient transport, cleaning and surface disinfection.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones de lucha contra el Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Cariri do Tocantins. Presenta parámetros de afrontamiento en el municipio, en el ámbito de la Vigilancia Epidemiológica en cuanto a notificación de casos, notificación a SMS / CIEVS, registro, período de incubación, transmisión y casos sospechosos en los servicios de salud, tratamiento, investigación epidemiológica, atribuciones de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, el rol del Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) en cuanto a los lineamientos para la recolección de muestras, técnica de recolección de hisopo nasofaríngeo y orofaríngeo (hisopos combinados), empaque de las muestras, recomendaciones para recogida de muestras en caso de fallecimiento, transporte y envío de muestras, análisis de laboratorio en laboratorios privados. También aborda medidas de aislamiento, transporte de pacientes, limpieza y desinfección de superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la commune de Cariri do Tocantins. Il présente des paramètres d'adaptation dans la commune, dans le cadre de la surveillance épidémiologique concernant la notification des cas, la notification au SMS / CIEVS, l'enregistrement, la période d'incubation, la transmission et les cas suspects dans les services de santé, le traitement, l'enquête épidémiologique, attributions de la Surveillance Epidémiologique, le rôle du Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) en ce qui concerne les lignes directrices pour le prélèvement des échantillons, la technique de prélèvement des écouvillons nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), le conditionnement des échantillons, les recommandations pour le prélèvement d'échantillons en cas de décès, transport et envoi d'échantillons, analyse en laboratoire dans des laboratoires privés. Il traite également des mesures d'isolement, du transport des patients, du nettoyage et de la désinfection des surfaces.

Vigilancia de infecciones nosocomiales: experiencia en Hospital de especialidades del Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social, 2006-2012 / Surveillance of healthcare associated infections: experience in Hospital de Especialidades

Antecedentes: Las Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud representan un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, aumentan la morbilidad y mortalidad, ponen en riesgo la vida de los pacientes y aumentan los costos hospitalarios y sociales. Materiales y método: Se realizó estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo en Hospital de especialidades del Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social de Tegucigalpa MDC, periodo 2006 a 2012. Se describen los informes del comité de prevención y control de infecciones intrahospitalarias. Resultados: Durante el periodo hubo una tasa de incidencia de 5.2 infecciones nosocomiales por mil días de hospitalización y una prevalencia de 1.8 por cien ingresos. Las infecciones más frecuentes fueron las infecciones de sitio quirúrgico, bacteriemias asociadas a catéter venoso central o periférico y neumonías nosocomiales. En el Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social la vigilancia ha permitido detectar factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones intrahospitalarias y tomar las medidas para disminuir algunas tasas de infecciones, como las infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas a uso de catéter vesical, neumonías asociadas a ventilador mecánico. Conclusiones: El trabajo de vigilancia presentado en este reporte refuerza la importancia que tienen los programas de prevención y control de infecciones nosocomiales para mejorar los indicadores de calidad de atención dentro de las instituciones de salud...

Contaminação de cassetes radiográficos em hospital privado: uma contribuição da enfermagem / Contamination of radiographic cassettes in private hospital: a nursing contribution

Objetivo - Investigar os cassetes radiográficos como fontes de contaminação cruzada entre pacientes internados e verificar como são realizadas as radiografias nos leitos das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e apartamentos quanto à prevenção e controle de infecção hospitalar. Métodos - Trata-se de um estudo aplicado, quantitativo e descritivo realizado em um hospital privado do Piauí. Na pesquisa estiveram presentes dois tipos de populações distintas: sete cassetes radiográficos e sete técnicos ou tecnólogos em Radiologia. A realização das culturas e aplicação do checklist foram realizadas de março a abril de 2011. Resultados - Verificou-se que 91,42% das culturas laboratoriais apresentaram a presença de incontáveis unidades formadoras de colônias de microrganismos patogênicos, sendo 62,5% Bacilos Gram negativos. Não é realizada a descontaminação dos cassetes radiográficos antes dos exames nos leitos (100%). Conclusões - A Enfermagem, ao observar elementos que possibilitem a ocorrência de infecção hospitalar, deve cooperar para uma assistência hospitalar de maior qualidade.

Objective - To investigate the radiographic cassettes as sources of cross contamination between patients and see how X-rays are performed in the beds of Intensive Care Units and apartments on the prevention and control of hospital infection. It is an applied study, quantitative and descriptive conducted in a private hospital in Piauí. Methods - In the present study were two types of distinct populations: seven X-ray cassettes and seven technicians or tecnologists in Radiology. The completion of the checklist and application cultures were performed from March to April 2011. Results - It was found that 91.42% of laboratory cultures showed the presence of countless colony-forming units of pathogenic microorganisms, 62,5% Gram negative. Decontamination is not performed before the slides radiographic examinations of the beds (100%). Conclusions - Nursing, the elements that make it possible to observe the occurrence of hospital infection, should cooperate to a higher quality hospital care.

Contaminación microbiana en las líneas de agua de las unidades odontológicas / Microbial contamination in the water lines of dental inits

Los microorganismos son responsables de múltiples patologías e infecciones. De esta manera, es fundamental controlar la microbiota que se encuentra en el agua que sale de la jeringa triple y que es usada para la irrigación en diferentes procedimientos odontológicos como en cirugía, periodoncia, endodoncia, entre otros, para producir el éxito a largo plazo. El objetivo de éste estudio fue identificar las especies microbianas (bacterianas y micóticas) cultivables, presentes en las líneas de agua de las unidades odontológicas en una clínica privada en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Se evaluaron por conveniencia y al azar 11 unidades odontológicas de 89, de cada una se recolectó una muestra de agua de 500 ml expulsada por la jeringa triple. El análisis consistió en búsqueda de coliformes totales y recuento de microorganismos cultivables como también recuento de hongos filamentosos y levaduras. El recuento de microorganismos mesófilos osciló entre 40 UFC y más de 200 UFC. Se aislaron microorganismos como Aeromona Salmonicida, Actinobacilus sp y Speudomona maltophil. No se encontraron coliformes totales ni fecales. La alta contaminación indica formación de una biopelícula madura, pero la ausencia de coliformes totales y fecales señala que el agua está bien tratada, pero en algún sitio de la línea de agua hay formación de biopelículas.

Microorganisms are responsible for multiple infections and pathologies; this is why it is important to control microbes that can be found in the triple syringe used for irrigation in different dental procedures. The aim of this study was to identify cultivable species of microbes (fungus and bacteria) found in some dental units water lines of a private dental clinic from Medellín, Colombia. Random samples were taken from 11 chairs from a total of 89; a sample of water of 500ml was collected from the triple syringe of each selected chair. The study aim to search for the presence of total coliforms, filamentous fungi and leavened. The average presence of microorganisms was between 40CFU and more of 200 CFU. Microorganisms such as Aeromona salmonicida, Actinobacilus sp and Pseudomona maltophil were isolated. No total coliforms neither fecal coliforms were found. The high levels of contamination suggest that there is a mature biofilm in somewhere of the dental unit water line, but the absence of total and fecalis coliforms suggest that the water had been treated.

A importância de medidas preventivas na profilaxia de infecções em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco nos primeiros 30 dias de pós-operatório / The importance of preventive measures in the prophylaxis of infections in patients submitted to heart transplant during the first thirty postoperative days

OBJETIVO: Descrever a incidência de infecções apresentadas pelos pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco, durante os primeiros 30 dias da cirurgia, quanto à topografia e agente etiológico e, comparar a incidência de infecções no pós-operatório imediato ao transplante cardíaco com as medidas preventivas adotadas no controle de infecções. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo de séries históricas numa população de 125 pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco, de junho de 1984 a janeiro de 2004. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante a análise dos prontuários dos pacientes submetidos a transplante, com o auxílio de um roteiro investigativo específico. A idade da população variou de 9 dias a 71 anos, com mediana de 47 anos. A predominância foi do sexo masculino (75,2 por cento). RESULTADOS: Apresentaram infecção, nos primeiros 30 dias pós-cirurgia, 32,8 por cento dos pacientes. Houve predominância das infecções bacterianas (32 por cento), seguindo as fúngicas (5,6 por cento) e as causadas por vírus (4 por cento). Não se observou diferença na incidência de infecção, quando comparadas em duas situações: (1) na assistência de enfermagem ao paciente com uso de isolamento protetor (29,9 por cento); e (2) sem isolamento protetor (36,2 por cento) - p= 0,835. CONCLUSÃO: As infecções bacterianas predominaram nesta população, seguidas das fúngicas e virais. Observou-se que não houve diferença na incidência de infecções, quando comparadas as distintas medidas preventivas, com e sem uso de isolamento protetor, confirmando pesquisas norte-americanas. Esses dados mostram-se úteis para orientação de protocolos, visto que apresentam particularidades do nosso meio.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the rate of infections presented by patients submitted to heart transplant during the first thirty days after surgery, in respect to the topography and etiological agent and to compare the rate of infection during the immediately postoperative period with the preventive measures adopted by infection control. METHODS: A retrospective study was made of a population consisting of 125 patients submitted to heart transplant from June 1984 to January 2004. Data were collected by analyzing the patients' records following a specific investigative sequence. The ages of the patients ranged from 9 days to 71 years old, with a median of 47 years. There was a predominance of men (75.2 percent). RESULTS: During the first thirty postoperative days, 32.8 percent of the patients presented with infections. There were predominantly bacterial infections (32 percent), followed by fungal infections (5.6 percent) and those caused by viruses (4 percent). No difference was observed in the rate of infection comparing two situations: (1) in nursing care of patients using protective isolation (29.9 percent); and (2) without protective isolation (36.2 percent) ( p = 0.835). CONCLUSION: Bacterial infections predominated followed by fungal and viral infections. The protective isolation initially used in post-heart transplant patients proved unnecessary as a measure to prevent or reduce rates of infection, confirming data obtained mainly in North American studies. These data are useful to guide protocols as they take specificities of our environment into account.

A study for the production of containers used in the diagnosis and prevention of infection.

OBJECTIVES: 1. To study the need of containers used in the diagnosis and prevention of infection. 2. To produce the containers, 3. To test the practicability of the product. MATERIAL AND METHOD: - The study on the need of the containers was done by questionnaires answered by nurses and microbiology laboratory technicians in 56 hospitals. - The containers were produced by the researchers who later had them tested for their practicability by nurses and technicians in the same hospitals. - The study was done during 2002-2004. RESULTS: Fifty-six hospitals were enrolled by stratified random sampling. Questionnaires were responded by 424 nurses and 35 microbiology laboratory technicians. Sputum trap, body fluid and feces containers and needle disposal box were studied and the need for commercial products was 31.1%, 31.1%, 32.3% and 99.5% respectively. Sixteen percent to 58.5% of these containers were bought and 14.3% to 68.6% were home-made. Sputum trap, body fluid and feces containers, and needle disposal boxes were produced and tested by 400 nurses and 32 laboratory technicians. The products were evaluated as satisfactory in 59.4% to 80.0%. The lid of the needle disposal box designed as saw tooth was not convenient for use and was later modified to various slits. The costs of the containers produced were 1.3% to 29.8% of available commercial products. CONCLUSION: Sputum trap, body fluid and feces containers and needle disposal boxes of reasonable prices were needed in Thailand. These containers could be produced locally and were much cheaper than available commercial ones.

Métodos de controle de infecção cruzada: uma avaliação do emprego na prática odontológica / Methods of the cross infection control: an evaluation of the use in dental practice

A utilização inadequada dos equipamentos de proteção individual, e a ausência de critérios na manipulação de instrumentos e objetos contaminados na prática odontológica podem resultar em diversas doenças: herpes, resfriados, gripes, sarampo, rubéola, pneumonia, infecções por estafilococos e estreptococos. Sabe-se na atualidade, que a grande preocupação de cirurgiões-dentistas recai sobre hepatite B e AIDS, pelos altos índices de mortalidade de ambas e a grande incidência da primeira entre os profissionais de Odontologia. Essas doenças podem ser transmitidas por saliva, sangue, fluídos corporais e vias respiratórias que fazem parte da rotina de todo profissional de Odontologia. É objetivo do presente trabalho, conhecer as medidas de controle de infecção empregadas por cirurgiões-dentistas de uma cidade do interior do estado do Paraná, que responderam a um questionário, cujas perguntas foram direcionadas ao conhecimento de medidas de controle de infecção cruzada

Paramentação cirúrgica: avaliação de sua adequação para a prevenção de riscos biológicos em cirurgias. I: a utilização durante as cirurgias / Surgical scrub: evaluating its adequation for preventing biological risks in surgeries. Part I: the use in surgeries

O estudo elaborou critérios para uso adequado da paramentação cirúrgica e avaliou, por observação sistematizada, o desempenho da equipe cirúrgica durante a cirurgia. O procedimento adotado foi válido, permitindo reconhecer aspectos positivos e problemáticos. A exceção do óculos protetor, todos os outros componentes da paramentação foram utilizados. A questão se situou na forma de util ização, onde gorros e máscaras foram mais problemáticos entre anestesistas e circulantes; avental e luvas entre cirurgiões e, principalmente, instrumentadores.

The study elaborated approaches for adequated use of the surgical scrub and it evaluated, through systematized observation, the performance of the surgical team during the surgery. The adopted procedure was very valid, allowing to recognize positive and problematic aspects. Except the protecting glasses, all the other components of the surgical scrub were used. The subject located in the use form, where caps and masks were more problematic among anesthesists and circulate nurses; apron and gloves among surgeons and, mainly, scrub nurses.

Controle de infecçäo em radiologia odontológica / Infection control in dental radiology

Buscamos com esse trabalho orientar o profissional de Odontologia a aplicar os princípios de biossegurança em Radiologia Odontológica para a reduçäo e/ou eliminaçäo de microorganismos presentes durante as tomadas radiográficas

Estimación del grado de desinfección química de cuatro soluciones antisépticas utilizadas en odontología / Estimation of the chemical disinfection degree of four antiseptic solutions used in dentistry

El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el grado de desinfección química de cuatro soluciones antisépticas usadas en odontología: antibenzil, gafidex, krit y glutasept. Se utilizaron 20 de los instrumentos empleados con mayor frecuencia en la práctica clínica, los cuales, posterior a su uso, se lavaron y se introdujeron en recipientes con las soluciones por evaluar. Las pruebas de contaminación se realizaron mediante el cultivo de una muestra de cada solución en agar nutritivo a los 1, 8, 15, 20 y 30 días. Las colonias se contaron visualmente y la determinación del género de los microorganismos observados por su gramm, forma y agrupación, mediante un frotis en un portaobjetos, y el uso de un microscopia trifásico. Se mostró que el antibenzil y el gafidex, son las soluciones químicas más efectivas para desinfectar el instrumental odontológico. El antibenzil, es eficaz hasta los 20 días, ya que derece su efectividad con el tiempo. La solución de gafidex es confiable hasta los 15 días (en 20 días, se contamina). En cuanto a las soluciones de krit y glutasept, desde el primer día presentaron altos promedios de contaminación

Higiene en el gabinete odontológico. Estudio microbiológico de tres soluciones desinfectantes / Hygiene in the dental office. A microbiological study of three disinfectant solutions

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la capacidad desinfectante de tres productos de uso frecuente en la práctica diaria odontológica, de distintas composiciones químicas

Incidencia de perfuracao de luvas durante o ato operatorio / Incidence of glove perforation during surgery

Neste estudo prospectivo foram analisados 205 pares de luvas, utilizados em 50 procedimentos cirurgicos diversos, realizados no Hospital Universitario - UFSC de 10 de abril a 30 de maio de 1989. Verificamos a ocorrencia de perfuracoes em 56,8 por cento dos pares de luvas em 83,8 por cento dos procedimentos cirurgicos.Em relacao aos membros da equipe cirurgica, constatamos um maior indice de luvas perfuradas nos cirurgioes e instrumentadoras. Entre todos os membros, houve predominio de perfuracoes da mao esquerda (63 por cento), fato que correlacionamos maioria dos membros serem destros. Constatamos que a perfuracao da luva cirurgica esta relacionada experiencia dos membros da equipe.